A Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter(UART) is a computer hardware device for asynchronous serial communication in which the data format and transmission speeds are configurable.
The UART interface transmits data asynchronously. Instead of a clock signal, the transmitter generates a bitstream based on its clock signal while the receiver is using its internal clock signal to sample the incoming data. The point of synchronization is managed by having the same baud rate on both devices. Failure to do so may affect the timing of sending and receiving data that can cause discrepancies during data handling. The allowable difference of baud rate is up to 10% before the timing of bits gets too far off.
In UART, the mode of transmission is in the form of a packet. The piece that connects the transmitter and receiver includes the creation of serial packets and controls those physical hardware lines. A packet consists of a start bit, data frame, a parity bit, and stop bits.
Common Brands:
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. (NXP Semiconductors)
Texas Instruments Incorporated (TI)
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